The PVMCD surveillance report is attached for EPI week 31. There were five WNV positive pools confirmed across Pioneer Valley: three pools of Cx. pipiens/restuans in Rowe, one pool of Cx. pipiens/restuans in Leyden, and one pool of Cx pipiens/restuans in Northampton. WNV risk levels have increased to ‘moderate’ in Charlemont, Deerfield, Heath, Leyden, and Rowe.
Pioneer Valley MCD Weekly Report
Key Facts and Messaging for EEE and WNV:
Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) is a very rare but serious disease spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes. There is no specific treatment for EEE; prevention is crucial.
Severity
- It can cause inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and can affect both humans and horses
- About 30% of people who develop severe EEE die from the infection
- Survivors may suffer permanent neurological damage
Symptoms
- Fever, chills, joint pain, muscle aches, confusion, seizures, and coma
Prevention
- Avoid peak mosquito hours from dusk to dawn when mosquitoes are most active.
- Use EPA-approved insect repellents.
- Wear long sleeves and pants when possible.
- Ensure window and door screens are intact to keep mosquitoes out.
- Eliminate standing water by regularly emptying containers that collect water, such as flowerpots, bird baths, kiddie pools, tarps, and gutters.
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-disease that can cause illness in humans and animals.
- Humans: Roughly 80% of people infected with WNV do not develop any symptoms. Severe symptoms may occur in about 1 in 150 infected people.
- Horses: Can develop severe neurological disease. Vaccines are available for horses as a preventative.
- Birds: Amplifying hosts; they play a key role in spreading the virus to mosquitoes.
Symptoms in Humans
- Mild cases: Fever, headache, body aches, rash, and fatigue.
- Severe cases (about 1 in 150): Encephalitis or meningitis (swelling of the brain and/or spine), which can be life-threatening.
- Higher risk: People over 60 or with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop serious illness.
Best Protection:
- Avoid peak mosquito hours from dusk to dawn when mosquitoes are most active.
- Use EPA-approved repellents.
- Wear long sleeves and pants when possible.
- Ensure window and door screens are intact to keep mosquitoes out.
- Eliminate standing water by regularly emptying containers that collect water, such as flowerpots, bird baths, kiddie pools, tarps, and gutters.
- Talk to your veterinarian about the WNV horse vaccine.